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 <front>
  <journal-meta>
   <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">CRIMINOLOGICAL JOURNAL</journal-id>
   <journal-title-group>
    <journal-title xml:lang="en">CRIMINOLOGICAL JOURNAL</journal-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>КРИМИНОЛОГИЧЕСКИЙ ЖУРНАЛ</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </journal-title-group>
   <issn publication-format="print">2687-0185</issn>
   <issn publication-format="online">2782-571X</issn>
  </journal-meta>
  <article-meta>
   <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">120760</article-id>
   <article-id pub-id-type="edn">BDYSGU</article-id>
   <article-categories>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru">
     <subject>СОЦИАЛЬНЫЕ И ГУМАНИТАРНЫЕ НАУКИ ПРАВО</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en">
     <subject>SOCIAL SCIENCES AND HUMANITIES</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group>
     <subject>СОЦИАЛЬНЫЕ И ГУМАНИТАРНЫЕ НАУКИ ПРАВО</subject>
    </subj-group>
   </article-categories>
   <title-group>
    <article-title xml:lang="en">The criminal policy of Nicaragua in the field of countering the sexual exploitation of children mediated by the use of information and telecommunication technologies: prospects for the reception of positive experience</article-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Уголовная политика Никарагуа в сфере противодействия сексуальной эксплуатации детей, опосредованной использованием информационно-телекоммуникационных технологий: перспективы рецепции положительного опыта</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </title-group>
   <contrib-group content-type="authors">
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Фильченко</surname>
       <given-names>Андрей Петрович</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Fil'chenko</surname>
       <given-names>Andrey Petrovich</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Жандров</surname>
       <given-names>Владимир Юрьевич</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Zhandrov</surname>
       <given-names>Vladimir Yur'evich</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Токолов</surname>
       <given-names>Александр Владимирович</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Tokolov</surname>
       <given-names>Aleksandr Vladimirovich</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>кандидат юридических наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>candidate of jurisprudence sciences;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/>
    </contrib>
   </contrib-group>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-1">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Академия управления МВД России</institution>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Academy of Management of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia</institution>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-2">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Московский университет МВД России имени В.Я. Кикотя</institution>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Moscow University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia named after V. Ya. Kikot</institution>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-3">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Московский университет МВД России имени В.Я. Кикотя</institution>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Moscow University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia named after V. Ya. Kikot</institution>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <pub-date publication-format="print" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-04-16T00:00:00+03:00">
    <day>16</day>
    <month>04</month>
    <year>2026</year>
   </pub-date>
   <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-04-16T00:00:00+03:00">
    <day>16</day>
    <month>04</month>
    <year>2026</year>
   </pub-date>
   <issue>4</issue>
   <fpage>168</fpage>
   <lpage>176</lpage>
   <history>
    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-04-16T00:00:00+03:00">
     <day>16</day>
     <month>04</month>
     <year>2026</year>
    </date>
   </history>
   <self-uri xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.24412/2687-0185-2025-4-168-176">https://doi.org/10.24412/2687-0185-2025-4-168-176</self-uri>
   <abstract xml:lang="ru">
    <p>Посвящена характеристике сложившегося в Республике Никарагуа курса уголовной политики в сфере противодействия сексуальной эксплуатации детей, опосредованной использованием информационно-телекоммуникационных технологий. На основе анализа действующего законодательства и допущений в правоприменительной практике называются главные особенности сложившегося подхода — нормативная детализация цифровых форм сексуальной эксплуатации, высокий уровень институциональной и технической готовности к работе с цифровыми доказательствами вкупе с широкими полномочиями правоохранительных органов в сфере противодействия сексуальной эксплуатации с использованием информационно-телекоммуникационных технологий, создание специальных социально-правовых механизмов защиты жертв.&#13;
С учетом накопленного Никарагуа опыта называются меры совершенствования уголовной политики России в сфере противодействия цифровому сексуальному насилию над детьми: дифференциация уголовной ответственности, внедрение процедур фиксации и оценки цифровых доказательств на основе принципа «цепочки сохранности» электронной информации, укрепление институционального и экспертного потенциала правоохранительных органов и расширение механизмов защиты жертв за счет интеграции негосударственного сектора.</p>
   </abstract>
   <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
    <p>Is devoted to the characterization of the current criminal policy in the Republic of Nicaragua in the field of countering the sexual exploitation of children, mediated by the use of information and telecommunication technologies. Based on the analysis of current legislation and assumptions in law enforcement practice, the main features of the established approach are identified — the normative detailing of digital forms of sexual exploitation, a high level of institutional and technical readiness to work with digital evidence, coupled with the broad powers of law enforcement agencies in the field of countering sexual exploitation using information and telecommunications technologies, the creation of special socio-legal mechanisms for the protection of victims.&#13;
Taking into account the experience gained by Nicaragua, measures to improve Russia's criminal policy in the field of countering digital sexual abuse of children are named: differentiation of criminal responsibility, introduction of procedures for recording and evaluating digital evidence based on the principle of the «chain of custody» of electronic information, strengthening the institutional and expert potential of law enforcement agencies and expanding victim protection mechanisms through the integration of the non-governmental sector.</p>
   </trans-abstract>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
    <kwd>информационно-телекоммуникационные технологии</kwd>
    <kwd>торговля людьми</kwd>
    <kwd>сексуальная эксплуатация</kwd>
    <kwd>цифровые доказательства</kwd>
    <kwd>Никарагуа</kwd>
    <kwd>сравнительное правоведение</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
    <kwd>information and telecommunication technologies</kwd>
    <kwd>human trafficking</kwd>
    <kwd>sexual exploitation</kwd>
    <kwd>digital evidence</kwd>
    <kwd>Nicaragua</kwd>
    <kwd>comparative law</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
  </article-meta>
 </front>
 <body>
  <p></p>
 </body>
 <back>
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