The objects of forensic and penmanship examination, most frequently encountered in expert practice during the period of digitalization are being considered. The authors’ view on the classification of these objects of investigation is given, taking into account the generalization and analysis of literary sources in the field of forensic document examination, as well as statistical data on the activities of expert criminalistics departments of the Russian Ministry of Interior, and questioning of penmanship experts. The article provides a forensic description of new objects of investigation, based on the specifics and peculiarities of expert investigation. Among them, objects of the greatest scientific and practical interest are considered: images of various categories of manuscripts — texts, brief notes and signatures; digital handwritten biometric signatures; manuscripts executed in foreign languages, significantly different from Russian modern cursive writing (in particular, in Arabic script, Chinese characters, etc.); records executed on various vertical surfaces by non-traditional writing devices (for example, graffiti); pictorial signatures and other, handwritten texts. On the basis of the study, taking into account the needs of the forensic community, the authors propose certain additions to the list of objects of the examined type (type) of examination. In addition, some ways of improving the theoretical and methodological provisions of forensic handwriting examination are noted
forensic handwriting examination, objects of investigation, modern classification, images of manuscripts, handwritten objects executed in foreign languages, digital handwritten biometric signatures, graffiti, pictorial signatures, research methodology
1. Bobovkin S. M. Images of manuscripts — modern objects of handwriting expertise / S.M. Bobovkin // Pravosudie. 2022. V. 4. № 2. P. 113‒133. EDN PDMMJQ.
2. Bobovkin S. M., Didenko O. A. To the question of the forensic study of images of handwriting objects // Theory and Practice of Forensic Expertise. 2022. V. 17. № 2. P. 23‒30.
3. Criminalistics. Investigation of documents : textbook for universities / M. V. Bobovkin [and others] ; responsible editors M. V. Bobovkin, A. A. Protkin. 2nd ed. revised and supplemented. Moscow : Publishing house Yurait, 2022.
4. Podpolukho M. M. Handwriting examination of digital handwritten biometric signature // Forensic expertise of Belarus. 2022. № 1(14). P. 42‒48. EDN JUFKHA.
5. Chetvertkin P. A. Features of drawing up an expert report on the results of the forensic and penmanship identification examination of manuscripts made in Chinese characters / P. A. Chetvertkin, S. M. Bobovkin // Bulletin of the Moscow University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. 2020. № 7. P. 219‒222. EDN RPQSBF.
6. Yagunov A. S., Smirnova S. A., Yakushev V. V. Graffiti as an object of forensic and penmanship research // Vestnik (Herald) of Saint Petersburg University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. 2012. № 2 (54). P. 174‒178.



