This article examined the moment of the emergence of the institute for the protection of human rights and fundamental freedoms, the concept and essence of human and civil rights, noted the place of this institute in the system of theory of Russian law. The concept of a mechanism for the protection of human and civil rights is considered both through the prism of guarantees provided by law that ensure the proclamation of fundamental rights and freedoms, and through the prism of institutions that ensure their implementation and further protection. Within the framework of the study, a comparative analysis of the concepts of protecting human and civil rights, the implementation of human rights was carried out, their general and special features are reflected. The methods of protecting human and civil rights, the structure of the mechanism for protecting human rights are outlined. In addition, the legal foundations of the mechanisms for protecting human and civil rights provided for by the legislation of the Russian Federation were considered, the most popular ways of protecting the rights of citizens were studied. On the basis of various doctrinal positions, an opinion was formed on the feasibility of further development of the institution for the protection of human rights and freedoms and positive features of such development were noted. The essence of the Institute for the protection of human and civil rights is considered from the point of view of the state function implemented by all state structures at various levels of government. The need for active behavior of civil society entities in order to prevent violation of the rights and legitimate interests of citizens, as well as in order to restore them more quickly and effectively, was noted.
concept and essence of human and civil rights protection, methods of human and civil rights protection, guarantees of human and civil rights, state function, ombudsman institution, judicial system
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