The analysis of the subjective signs of a criminal act in the form of organizing activities for the illegal attraction of funds and (or) other property of citizens and (or) legal entities, for which criminal liability is established under Article 172.2 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. The legal characteristic of the subject of the crime is given. Legal norms, judicial practice and criminological studies are analyzed, which make it possible to identify the features of subjective signs of a crime. Special attention is paid to the role of the subject of the crime, the guilt, the motive influencing the qualification of the act. The criteria of intent of the organizer of the financial pyramid are analyzed in order to detail the guilt. Recommendations for improving criminal legislation and law enforcement practice are proposed.
organization of activities to attract funds and (or) other property, financial pyramid, the subject of the crime, the organizer of the financial pyramid, the direction of intent, the subjective side of the crime
1. Gorlovskaya I. G., Gimadieva I. I. Finansovye piramidy: ponyatie, priznaki, problemy // Vestnik Omskogo universiteta. Seriya: Ekonomika. 2011. № 3. S. 166–171.
2. Klepickiy I. A. Novoe ekonomicheskoe ugolovnoe pravo: monogr. M. : Prospekt, 2021.
3. Osokin R. B., Kovrigin V. S. K voprosu o sovershenstvovanii ugolovnogo zakonodatel'stva ob otvetstvennosti za prisvoenie ili rastratu // Vestnik Moskovskogo universiteta MVD Rossii. 2025. № 1. S. 118–123.
4. Osokin R. B. K voprosu o celesoobraznosti primeneniya konfiskacii imuschestva pri naznachenii nakazaniya za moshennichestvo (rossiyskiy i tadzhikskiy opyt) // Vestnik ekonomicheskoy bezopasnosti. 2025. № 3. S. 104–108.
5. Osokin R. B. Ob intellektual'no-psihologicheskih kachestvah sub'ekta moshennicheskih posyagatel'stv // Mezhdunarodnyy zhurnal psihologii i pedagogiki v sluzhebnoy deyatel'nosti. 2017. № 3. S. 49–50.
6. Osokin R. B. Psihologicheskie osobennosti lichnosti moshennikov // Professional'noe obrazovanie sotrudnikov organov vnutrennih del. Pedagogika i psihologiya sluzhebnoy deyatel'nosti: sostoyanie i perspektivy: sb. nauch. tr. II mezhdunar. konf. (Moskva, 6–7 iyunya 2018 g.). M. : Moskovskiy universitet MVD Rossii imeni V.Ya. Kikotya, 2018. S. 600–602.
7. Osokin R. B., Fayzullaev H. H. Ugolovno-psihologicheskiy portret sub'ekta moshennichestva // Trudy Akademii MVD Respubliki Tadzhikistan. 2025. № 1 (65). S. 97–104.
8. Osokin R. B., Kursaev A. V. Ugolovno-pravovaya ocenka pohischeniya, unichtozheniya ili povrezhdeniya imuschestva s tel umershih ili mest ih zahoroneniya // Gosudarstvo i pravo. 2012. № 7. S. 49–58.
9. Osokin R. B. Ugolovno-pravovoy analiz sposobov moshennichestva po UK FRG // Yurisprudenciya. 2002. № 2. S. 71–76.
10. Osokin R. B., Chirkov E. V. Ugolovno-pravovoy instrumentariy v sisteme valyutnogo regulirovaniya i kontrolya Rossiyskoy Federacii: razvitie na pereput'e // Vestnik ekonomicheskoy bezopasnosti. 2017. № 4. S. 120–125.
11. Rarog A. I. Postateynyy kommentariy k ugolovnomu kodeksu Rossiyskoy Federacii. M. : Eksmo, 2018.
12. Federal'nyy zakon ot 30 marta 2016 g. № 78-FZ «O vnesenii izmeneniy v Ugolovnyy kodeks Rossiyskoy Federacii i stat'yu 151 Ugolovno-processual'nogo kodeksa Rossiyskoy Federacii» // Parlamentskaya gazeta. 2016. 1–7 apr.
13. Protivodeystvie nelegal'noy deyatel'nosti na finansovom rynke // URL: https://cbr.ru/analytics/inside/2024_1/
14. Sudebnaya statistika RF // URL: https://stat.xn----7sbqk8achja.xn--p1ai/stats/ug/t/14/s/17
15. Apellyacionnoe postanovlenie № 10-7656/2025 ot 8 aprelya 2025 g. po delu № 3/6-0991/2024 // URL: https://sudact.ru/regular/doc/mDBwMtk7GsoK/
16. Prigovor № 1-43/2025 ot 16 aprelya 2025 g. po delu № 1-125/2024 // URL: https://sudact.ru/regular/doc/bawkfwwGnBYS/
17. Piramidostroitel' nomer odin // URL: https://www.kommersant.ru/doc/6877583
18. Prokuror raz'yasnyaet. Otvetstvennost' za organizaciyu «finansovyh piramid» // URL: https://epp.genproc.gov.ru/web/proc_74/activity/legal-education/explain?item=25468489
19. Postanovlenie Plenuma VS RF ot 30 noyabrya 2017 g. № 48 «O sudebnoy praktike po delam o moshennichestve, prisvoenii i rastrate» // Byulleten' Verhovnogo Suda Rossiyskoy Federacii. 2018. № 2.
